Liquid feeding apparatus



e sheets-sheet 1 Filed Hay 5, 1,937

INVENTOR "Mam, M

, Kou.

ATTORN EYS Jan. 21, 1941. G, M BOQTH 2,229,038

LIQUID FEEDING APPARATUS Filed llay 5, 1937 6 SI'leets--Sheel 2 INVENTORM Wadi fnd vervul/fw* QuuiZmM ATTORNEYS Jan. 21, 1941. G. M. BooTHLIQUID FEEDING AIPARATUS Filed )lay 5, 1957 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 S 0 W gwQNN .EN www m l INVENTOR Wm 31,01;

ATTORNEY Jan. 21, 1941. Q M l BOTH 2,229,038

LIQUID FEEDING APPARATUS Filed llay 5, 1937 6 Sheets-Sheet 4k INVENTORATTORNEYS Jan. 21, 1941. s. M. BOOTH 2,229,038

LIQUID FEEDING APPARATUS Filed )lay 5, 1937 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTORATTORNEYS G. M. BOOTH 2,229,038 LIQUID FEEDING APPARATUS Filed May 5,1937 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 Jan. 21, 1941.

INVENTOR aan'. Bami BYW C0974 Ku m www.

I Wmv MAM ATTORNEYS Patented Jan. 2l, 1941 UNITED STATESv LIQUID FEEDINGAPPARATUS George Martin Booth, Westfield, N. J., assigner' to Wallace deTiernan Co. Inc., Belleville, N. J., a corporation of New YorkApplication May 5, 1937, Serial No. 140,813

20 Claims.

This invention relates to hydraulic apparatus, particularly liquidfeeding devices, and in one important aspect, relates to apparatus forfeeding into a body of liquid under pressure, for example water ascontained in a supply main, desired quantities of a treating liquid. Inpurifying the water of an ordinary supply system, as for towns,villages, hotels, or homes, it has been found that good results areobtained by the regular introduction of small quantities of achlorinating liquid, such as a suitable hypochlorite solution. Aprincipal object of the present invention, therefore, is to providesimple, efficient, and inexpensive apparatus for effecting suchintroduction of hypochlorite solution for the purification of Water ascarried under pressurevin a main.

A further object of `the invention is to provide improved apparatus ofthe character described, employing a diaphragm type of pump, butrequiring little or no externally supplied power to afford a pumpdelivery at relatively high pressure; and also to provide such apparatuswherein liquid under pressure is utilized to exert directly on thediaphragm a force substantially equal to that needed for pump delivery.

Anoi her object is to provide liquid feeding apparatus including a pumphaving a diaphragm of resilient material, wherein wear and tear on thediaphragm is minimized and the life of the latter very greatlyincreased; and also to provide such apparatus, wherein those results arebrought about with a balancing force directly exerted by water which maybe taken from the main or like body of liquid under pressure. It hasbeen found, for example, that in using a diaphragm pump to feed liquidinto a high pressure main, and particularly a pump having a diaphragm offlexible material secured at its periphery and operated by applyingforce at its center, tremendous strains are set up in the diaphragm,causing it to bend and bulge rapidly, and to be distorted in a violentand often irregular manner, each time the device reciprocates and infact, all the time it is in operation. As a result, the diaphragmweakens very soon, and must be frequently replaced in order to havemaximum efficiency, and indeed,in order to avoid complete breakdownA bypermanent distortion or rupture of the diaphragm.A With the presentinvention these disadvantages are obviated. so that the pump will lastfor a very long time, and thus provide an efficient feeding device forwater purification systems or the like, Where dependability over longperiods is a most important criterion.

`It may also be explained that this invention, for theseand otherreasons, also provides a more efli'cient and dependable feeding servicethan is obtained with other pumping arrangements, such es of the plungeror piston type, or of other types wherein continuously rotating valvesor sliding valvesor the like are employed; for ex- (Cl. 103--150) iample, in systems of that character accuracy of pumping is directlydependent upon the fit or packing of one or more sliding or rotatingvalves or pistons, which are not only difficult to manufacture with thenecessary accuracy, but are apt to i leak, or set up friction losses, orbecome otherwise unreliable.

Other objects are to provide liquid feeding apparatus having new andimproved arrangements for the operation or control of reciprocatingdevices therein; to provide hydraulically operated driving means,suitable for the operation of such devices, and simple and efficient incharacter; to provide dependable and efllcient hydraulically operateddriving apparatus which is conveniently free from pistons, rotatingvalves or like parts requiring a sliding t under pressure and thereforehaving disadvantages of the character noted hereinabove; to provideimproved liquid feeding apparatus as described, which is adapted to bedriven by the force of liquid under pressure, and is conveniently freeof elements having the disadvantages of sliding fit as just explained;to provide apparatus improved in the foregoing or other respects, whichis adapted to deliver the treating liquid at a rate automaticallyproportional to the rate of flow of the main body of liquid; and toprovide new and improved hydraulic, i. e. liquidoperated, drivingapparatus, and new and improved control means for such apparatus.

Other objects and advantages include those hereinafter stated orapparent in connection with the following description of certainpresently-preferred embodiments of the invention. These embodiments,which are set forth by way of example, are illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a vertical view, chiefly in section along a central verticalplane, of one form of the apparatus;

Fig. 2 is an end elevation looking toward the right-hand end of Fig. 1,with certain parts in section;

Fig. 3 is a vertical view of another form of the apparatus; chiefly insection along a central vertical plane, with certain parts cut away;

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the apparatus shown in Fig. 3, and includingcertain cooperating instru-v mentalities and connections;

Fig. 5 is a vertical view of yet another form of apparatus, chiefly insection along a central vertical plane, with certain parts cut away;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view on line 6--6 of Fig. 5;

Figs. 'I and 8 are fragmentary sectional views of a portion of theapparatus in Fig. 5, with certain parts in respectively differentpositions; and

Fig. 9 is a central vertical section of a modified form of part of theapparatus.

It may be explained that the apparatus shown in these figures isconveniently adapted to withdraw treating liquid (e. g., hypochloritesolution) from a nearby tank, and to deliver desired quantities thereofinto a water main where the pressure may be relatively high, forexample, as high as 100 pounds per square inch, or in many cases,considerably higher.

The apparatus of Fig. 1 includes a pumping element comprising a circularflexible diaphragm 20, advantageously made of resilient material, suchas rubber. Against this diaphragm there is seated a block 22 having acircular recess 23 disposed toward the diaphragm, to provide a pumpingchamber. Treating fluid is admitted to the latter through supply pipe24, check valve 26, and passage in the block 22. Delivery of treatingfluid from the chamber is obtained through an outlet passage 32 in theblock 22, a check valve 34 and a discharge pipe 36 which may beconnected to the water main (for example, as shown in Fig. 4).

The main supporting structure of the apparatus may comprise a casting38, having a cup-like portion 40 provided with an annular flange 42abutting the opposite side of diaphragm 20 from block 22. To secureblock 22, and diaphragm 20 in place against the member 40, the latterhas a plurality of studs 44, 44, which pass freely through cornerportions of the block 22 and through corresponding corner portions of aclamping head 46. Intermediate the head 46 and the block 22, there is acircular aligning member 48, of Substantially the same size as thediaphragm 26, and disposed coaxially therewith. The head 46 ispreliminarily clamped toward the member 48, so as to engage therebetweenthe members 48, 22 and 28, by moderately tightening up the nuts 50 onthe studs 44. Through the center of the head 46, and threaded therein,there extends a bolt 52 having at its end a projecting pin 53 slidablyengaging a corresponding aperture in the aligning member 48, but with arather loose fit.

In consequence, when the bolt 52 is tightened up, i. e., screwed in, byits handle as shown, the further pressure thereby exerted on member 48at its center securely clamps this member toward the member 48, so as tolock the diaphragm 20 in place intermediate the block 22 and member 40,and eil'ect a high pressure seal unifomily about the periphery ofdiaphragm 28 on each side of it. Thus diaphragm 20 is automaticallyaccurately aligned with respect to members 22 and 40, and stress on thediaphragm is evenly distributed about its periphery, preventingdistortion, or other irregular strain on the diaphragm, as mightotherwise contribute to its wearing out at localized points.

The interior recess of cuplike member 40, facing diaphragm 28, provideswhat may be conveniently termed a balancing chamber 54 for the pump.Through an inlet port 56, water may be supplied to the chamber 54 fromthe main into which the treating liquid is to be introduced. The linebetween the main and the port 56 may conveniently include a suitablestrainer (not shown) and a differential valve 58 (See Fig. 2).

The differential valve 58 may be of suitable known construction, adaptedto provide a substantially uniform ow of water to the chamber 54 fromthe main. 'Ihe valve here shown includes to that end, adjacent chambers60, 68a, separated by a diaphragm 6I which carries a valve closure 62for the inlet 63 to the chamber 66 andy which is biased toward openposition of valve 62 by spring 64.Y 'I'he chamber 66 is connected withthe outlet 65 and the chamber 80a through an orifice 86 which isadjustable by means of the threaded member 81. As will now beunderstood, the pressure dinerential between chambers 68, 60a, is afunction of the force exerted by the spring 84 on the diaphragm and issubstantially constant, and in consequence, the flow through orice 66 issubstantially constant for any given setting of member 61, irrespectiveof variations in pressure at the inlet 63 or the outlet 65.

The diaphragm 28 has at its center a supporting boss 10 secured to aclosed end of a tubular member 12. The tube 12 is supported by, andlongitudinally slidable in a sleeve 14 mounted in member 40 opposite thediaphragm. Opening near the top of the balancing chamber 54 so as toavoid entrapment of air in the latter, an outlet port 16 extendsdownwardly from the chamber to a cylindrical recess 18 surrounding thetube 12; suitable packing 80 being provided about the tube, next to thesleeve 14, to prevent leakage of water from the recess 18. 'I'he tube 12has oppositely disposed ports or openings 82, 82, at the portion thereofwhich is adjacent the recess 18, these ports being so arranged that oneor more of them is always open for access to the recess 18 throughoutthe stroke of thetube 12, as hereinafter explained.

A housing 84 is secured to the outer end of the tube 12, and carries inan appropriate supporting sleeve, a slidable shaft 86, spaced beyond andin axial alignment with the tube 12. Shaft 86, when moved to the leftrelative to the housing, causes a conical valve member 88 to seat intothe adjacent end of tube 12, thus providing a valve closure for thelatter. Member 88, by virtue of its supporting pin 90 loosely carried ina cooperating recess in shaft 86, is self-aligned relative to the end ofthe tube. It will be understood that the shaft 86 is longitudinallyslidable relative to the housing 84, but that its displacement to theright (relative to the housing) is limited by the engagement of Iashoulder 92, on shaft 86, with the inner face of the supporting sleevein the housing 84. Thus when the shaft 86 is moved to the right, thevalve is permitted to open, but before the apex of valve member 88 canfall clear of the end of tube 12, the shoulder 82 strikes the supportingsleeve, as shown, and further displacement of the shaft 86 to the rightwill then pull with it the housing 84, tube 12, andthe center ofdiaphragm 20, the parts being here illustrated in the position soassumed upon movement of shaft 86 to the right.

The outer end of shaft 86 is pivoted to the upper arm 94 of a bell cranklever which rocks about a shaft 96 (carried by the main frame 38, seeFig. 2), and which has a lower arm/88 containing a curved slot |00extending lengthwise thereof. Adjustably secured at any desired positionalong this slot, is a bearing |02 (the adjustable securing meanscomprising the bolt |04 passing through the slot and the cooperatingwing nut |08, see Fig. 2) for the outer end of a connecting rod |08,connected to be reciprocated by an eccentric IIO.

The box or housing I I 2 contains an electric motor and suitable gearing(of conventional form and hence not shown), arranged to rotate theeccentric I I8 at the proper speed for desired operation of the pump, asin the manner now to be described.

Assuming that the parts are in the position shown, and that the statedconnections have been made to the water main and to the supply oftreating liquid, the apparatus is adapted to operate as follows: Wateris constantly flowing in through the port 56 to the balancing chamber54,

and thence on out through port 1i8, recess 18, holes 82 and tube 12(valve 88 being now open) to waste (i. e., dropping into asuitablevcolleoting basin H4 in the lower part of the casting 8l, havingan outletv I I8) At this point of time, the motor drive, through theeccentric H0, connecting rod HI8, and bell crank lever 84-88, is suchthat the shaft 88 is in its extreme right hand position. Continuedoperation of the motor drive thereupon commences to displace the shaft88 to the left. As previously explained, valve 88 first closes, andshaft 88 then pushes the entire assembly, including housing 84. tube12,1 and the center of diaphragm 20, to the left. Simultaneously, uponclosure of valve 88, water very rapidly backs u p in the balancingchamber 54, promptly iilling the latter, and for the remaining part, i.e., nearly all, of the leftward stroke of the assembly, force is exertedto the left on the exposed portion of diaphragm 28,`

by the water flowing constantly into the chamber 54 from the main.

The consequent displacement of the diaphragm 28 to the left willtherefore expel into the main, through port 32, check valve 34 and line88, the charge or slug of treating iluid which will be assumed to havebeen previously drawn into the pumping chamber 23 from the supply tankfor such treating fluid or reagent.

It will now be appreciated that even though the pressure in the main maybe relatively high, e. g., l0() pounds per square inch or more, theforce which the motor driving mechanism must exert on the reciprocatingassembly including tube l2 may at least be very greatly supplemented bythe water which backs up in the balancing chamber 54, and whichcontinues to flow into the latter, so as to cooperate directly indisplacing the diaphragm 28 to the left. Indeed, beyond mechanicalfriction in the various elements, the force exerted by the electricmotor need only be sufiicient, on the leftward or pumping stroke, tohold the valve 88 closed, and to compensate for such inequality offorces on the diaphragm as may be occasioned, for example, by the lessereffective area of the latter on its balancing chamber side (because thetube 'l2 is connected to that side of the diaphragm). In general, thewater is preferably admitted to the balancing chamber at a pressuresubstantially equal to that of the main, and

thus substantially equal to that at which treatingliquid must beexpelled from the pumping chamber 23; and so far as the above-mentioneddifference in effective-diaphragm area may cause A the water in thebalancing chamber to exert less torce than is necessary for pumping, itwill be at most only a little less. Hence ordinarily, in addition to themechanical resistances mentioned above, the motor need overcomesubstantially no more than the little diiierence in force justmentioned, in order to accomplish the pumping action.

When the leftward stroke is completed, i. e., when the motor drivenbell-crank arm 94 has ilnished rocking to the left and begins its returnstroke, its initial return movement withdraws shaft 86 to the rightwithrespect to housing 84, allowing valve 88 to open; shoulder 82 of shaft8E is then pulled back against the sleeve in the housing 84 and thecontinued rocking o! the arm 94 to the right carries housing 84, tube12, and the center of diaphragm 20 back to the original right handposition. Throughout this return stroke, valve 88 is open, and the wateradmitted to the balancing chamber through port 56 merely flows idlythrough the chamber and out through the tube l2 to waste, so that noforce is exerted from the balancing chamber upon the diaphragm, toimpede its free displacement to the right. During displacement of thediaphragm to the right.' by the return stroke of the assembly, a freshcharge or slug of treating uid is sucked into the pumping chamber 23through line 24, check valve 28 and inlet port 30.

It will be appreciated that on this return stroke, the work of the motoris substantially the same as on the pumping' stroke, except that insteadot supplying any deficiency of pumping torce on the diaphragm 28, themotor must exert the usually slight force necessary to fill the pumpingchamber 23 with a fresh slug of treating liquid. Ordinarily, forexample, the treating liquid need only be drawn up from a nearby tank ortub, in which it may conveniently be mixed or made up, from time totime.

Following the return stroketo the right, the eccentric H0 and associatedinstrumentalities thereupon carry the assembly through the pumpingstroke to the left, in the manner previously described, and throughanother return stroke; and the reciprocating pumping action thereafterautomatically continues in the same way.

As stated above, the apparatus requires very little power from theelectric motor, for example, with an apparatus of the sort here shown, asmall iiD-volt shaded-pole motor, drawing watts and delivering less than2 watts, is suiiicient to deliver 68 gallons oi reagent during 24 hours,at a pressure of lili) pounds per square inch; whereas with diaphragmpumps of other types, lacking the balancing arrangement here shown, amuch larger motor, such as a standard 1A H. P. motor drawing 250 to 360watts and delivering about 180 Watts, would be required to obtain thesame output of treating liquid. Furthermore, the arrangement provides atremendous conservation of the life of the diaphragm. As explainedhereinabove, when the usual type of diaphragm pump is called upon tooperate at higl pressures, great strains are set up in the diaphragm,resutling in violent flexing and bulging at every stroke, and usually inirregular fashion or at localized points. The rubber or other diaphragmmaterial rapidly weakens and soon ruptures or stretches, so thatfrequent replacement is necessary. in the present apparatus, however, byvirtue of the balancing chamber 54 and cooperating instrumentalitles,strain in the plane of the diaphragm is greatly minimized, and indeed,almost the only strain on the diaphragm is that of pressure exertedtransversely thereof, i. e., perpendicular to its surfaces, with theresult that there is 'very little wear of the diaphragm material. At thesame time, the clamping arrangement including the aligning member 48cooperates to keep the sealing and clamping stress uniform throughoutthe periphery of the diaphragm, avoiding irregular localized strainwhich has contributed to the aforesaid disadvantages of pumps hithertoavailable.

The described apparatus, therefore, is both simple in structure andhighly dependable in performance. The quantity of reagent deliveredthrough the output line 38 can be varied as desired by adjusting theposition of the connecting rod bearing |02 with respect to the lower arm98 of the bell crank lever, i. e., by moving the supporting bolt up ordown in the slot Hi8 so as to lengthen or shorten the stroke of thepump. For convenience in adjustment, the outer face of the arm 98 maycarry a suitable scale H8 relative to which the assembly i82-i84--I06may be adjusted, and

which may be calibrated so as to indicate the rate of delivery of thetreating fluid by the pump.

The apparatus of Figs. 3 and 4 is identical with that of Figs. 1 and 2in a number of respects, but differs in that the drive of the pump ishere effected by hydraulic means, viz., by an arrangement operating as awater motor in lieu of the electric motor drive of Fig. 1; and thearrangement in Figs. 3 and 4 is also such that the delivery of treatinguid is automatically varied in proportion to variations in the rate ofiiow through the main to which the treating fluid is supplied and fromwhich the water motor may be driven.

The input and output lines and check valves for the diaphragm pump, andthe diaphragm sealing and clamping means, are identical with those ofFig. 1, and hence are not shown in Fig. 3 The supporting frame |38includes a recessed part |40 identically corresponding in function withthe cup-shaped portion 40 of the frame 38 in Fig. 1. That is, portion|40 encloses a balancing chamber |54 on the right-hand side of diaphragm20, the latter being seated against an annular ange |42 on member |40,as in the previously described apparatus. The water input port |56, andthe input differential valve |58 (to which water is supplied from themain |59, Fig. 4), as Well as the water output port |16, for the chamber|54, are likewise identical in function with the correspondinglynumbered parts in the apparatus of Figs. 1 and 2. Likewise, the outputport |16 leads to a cylindrical recess |18, for conducting water to theinterior of the tube |12 through the apertures |82 in the latter. Thetube |12 is secured at its left-hand end to the center of the diaphragm20, and is longitudinally slidable through ay sleeve |14 havingappropriate packing |80 to prevent leakage of water from the recess |18.

A bracket |84 is associated with the outer end of tube |12, to provide avalve arrangement for the end of the tube, as in the case of the housing84 in Fig. 1. 'I'his bracket or frame |84 is carried by a cross member|85, which is horizontally slidable, and supported, upon pins |86, |86,at the sides of the apparatus (see Fig. 4). A coil spring |81, disposedabout the tube |12 intermediate frame |84 and sleeve |14, is adapted tourge frame |84 to the right as seen in Fig. 3.

The frame |84 carries on an inner face opposite the end of tube |12, avalve-closing disc |88, conveniently made of resilient material. Thetube |12 is slidably supported by frame |84, and has its open enddisposed for cooperation with the valve disc |88, so that if the frame|84 is displaced to the left from the position shown (relative to thetube |12), it will bring the disc |88 against the open end of tube |12,closing the latter, as in the case of the valve arrangement 88 inFig. 1. Thereupon further displacement of the frame |84 to the left willserve to displace the tube |12, and associated parts, in the samedirection. Displacement of the frame |84 relative to the tube |12,toward the right, will, of course, open the valve |88, but relativedisplacement of the parts in this direction is limited by a rearwardlyfacing shoulder |90, at the end of the tube |12, which engages an innerface |92 of the adjacent portion of bracket |84. Thus after bracket |84has moved sufficiently to the right to open the valve |88, furtherdisplacement of bracket |84 to the right will effect the samedisplacement of tube |12 and associated parts.

The bracket |84 has a rightwardly extending portion (as seen in Fig. 3),terminating in a circular head |94 which is secured to the center of acircular diaphragm |96, the latter being peripherally clampedintermediate a supporting rim |98, v

conveniently integral with the main frame |38, and a head 200 having acup-shaped recess 202 in its inner face toward the diaphragm, to providetherewith a driving or hydraulic motor chamber, as presently to beexplained.

The member |94 is clamped to the diaphragm |96 by a threaded bushing204, into which there is in turn threaded a bushing 206 having its innerend adapted to provide a seat for a valve disc 208 (comprising aresilient washer backed by a suitable supporting disc, as shown); thevalve disc 208 being carried by a pin 209 which is slidably supportedin, and extends beyond the portion of bushing 204 that projects on theopposite side of the diaphragm from the motor chamber 202.

The interior of bushing 204 is adapted to communicate with the interiorof bushing 206, and through the same to the interiorv of the drivingchamber, when the valve 208 is opened (valve pin 209 being then slid tothe left), so that water may pass from the chamber 202 through the partsjust described, and out to waste, through suitable ports 2|0 in theouter or left-hand portion of bushing 204.

Water is continuously supplied to chamber 202 through an input port 2|2,from the water main |59 (Fig. 4), and a differential valve 2|3, similarto that shown at 58 in Fig. 2, is conveniently provided in this supplyline for like reason, i. e., to provide a substantially constant ow ofwater to the supplied chamber.

Journaled in a suitable bracket carried by the member 200, is a cam 2I4, which s adapted to be driven by shaft 2|6 from a water meter 2|8, ofany suitable construction, interposed in the main |59 into whichtreating fluid is to be injected (see Fig. 4). A cam follower 220(conveniently a roller) carried by a rocker arm generally designated 222engages the surface of cam 2|4, the rocker arm being pivoted at 224 to aportion of the traveling frame |84. The rocker arm 222 is preferablymade in two parts separately pivoted at the point 224, and respectivelycomprising an upper or cam-following part 226 and a lower part 228. Thelower part, as shown in Fig. 3, has an upwardly projecting portion 230which is adapted to engage the right-hand surface of the upper part 226,and upon such engagement (as shown) to prevent any movement of the lowerpart in a counterclockwise direction relative to the upper part. 'Iheupper part 226 carries a flat spring 232 which extends down and engagesthe lower portion 228 near its lowerend, and normally keeps the parts inthe position shown, with the portion 230 engaging part 226,-so that theassembly constitutes in effect a unitary member, and the two parts canonly be moved relative to each other against the pressure of spring 232.

The lower end of the part 228 of the rocker arm is adapted to abut theouter or left-hand end of the pin 209 which is shiftable to close thevalve 208, and it Will now be seen that opening or closing of this valvemay be controlled by relative displacement of the rocker arm part 228and the diaphragm |96.

It will now be understood that the operation of the pumping portion ofthis apparatus is essentially the same as that of the correspondingapparatus in Fig. 1. Assuming that a charge of treating liquid has beendrawn into the pumping chamber |23 from a supply tank 233 (Fig. 4), andthat the driving mechanism (operated in the manner presently to bedescribed) is commencing to move the frame |84 to the left (see Fig. 3),the valve |88 is llrst closed, permitting water fromthe main to back upin the balancing chamber |84, and thereby setting up balancing force onthe diaphragm 20. Further displacement of member -or frame |84 to theleft carries the diaphragm 20 correspondingly to the left, with thevalve |88 closed, until the end of the pumping stroke is reached; thepumping stroke thus serving to expel a slug of treating liquid throughoutlet 26 (to main |89). Then, at the beginning of the return stroke,the frame |84 is flrst moved to the right relative to the tube |12,releasing the valve |88, and thereafter the frame |84 carries'the entireassembly back to the right-hand position to complete the return stroke.The arrangement here shown differs from that in Fig. 1, however, in thatthe return stroke is accomplished by the force of spring |81, and inthat, in consequence. spring |81 must be compressed during each pumpingstroke. r

With the apparatus of Fig. 3, the described reciprocation of frame |84and its associated pumping instrumentalities. is achieved as follows:Assume that the parts are in the position shown, ready to commence apumping stroke. The diaphragm l|96 is in its right-hand position, thefollower 220 is on a low spot of the cam 2 |4, which is rotating in acounterclockwise direction as seen in Fig. 3, and the lower end of therocker arm 222 is therefore in such abutment with the end of pin 209 asto close the valve 208 against its seat in the bushing 206. Inconsequence, with the outlet to the motor chamber 202 thus closed, thewater ilowing into the chamber commences to displace the diaphragm |96,and its attendant. parts, to theleft. 'Ihis tends to displace the frame|84 correspondingly to the left, similarly tending to move the pivot 224of the rocker arm 222 and thereby to rotate the latter in a clockwisedirection about its pivot 224 (if the upper end of the arm is not movedby the cam) so as to release the lower end of the rocker arm from thepin 209, whereupon valve 208 may open and relieve the displacing forceexerted by the water in the motor chamber.

The cam 2I4, however, is rotating and as its rise tends to move theupper end of the rocker arm A 222 counterclockwise, the lower end of thearm correspondingly urges the valve 208 toward closed position, so as toprevent reduction of the'diaphragm-displacing force exerted by the waterin the chamber 202. In consequence, the diaphragm |96 exactly followsthe rise of the cam; i. e., the diaphragm is displaced in exactproportion to the rate at which the cam, as it rotates, moves thefollower 220 to the left. 'I'he diaphragm |96 cannot be displaced aheadof the cam, so to speak, since the resulting relative movement willrotate the rocker arm 222 clockwise. opening valve 208 and relieving thedisplacing force on the diaphragm, as previously explained. l

It will thus .be seen that displacement of the diaphragm |96 to theleft, by reason ofthe force exerted by the water owing into chamber 202,is exactly controlled by the speed of rotation of the cam 2I4, and inparticular by the rate at which the follower 220 rides up to a high spotof ther cam (whereby the rocker arm tends to close the valve 208 all ofthe time). Indeed, since the work to be done by the diaphragm |96 inmoving the frame |84 and associated parts to the left to carry out apumping stroke is relatively small (as explained above) the flow ofwater into chamber 202 from the main may always be greater, and isusually considerably greater, than necessary to displace the diaphragm|98 at the rate prescribed by the cam 2|4. As a result, in normaloperation of the device, the rocker arm 222 only keeps valve 208suiilciently closed to provide the actually necessary displacing forceon the diaphragm |88, so that during the entire pumping stroke, thevalve may thus be automatically cracked. or slightly opened, all thetime, to the extent necessary to permit the excess water to flow fromchamber 202. It will also now be appreciated that in normal operationduring the pumping stroke the position of rocker arm 222 relative to theframe |84 does not change at any time, since the displacement of theupper end of therocker arm by the cam 2|4 is exactly paralleled at thelower end of the arm by the resulting or following displacement ofdiaphragm |96, in the manner previously explained. In effect, moreover,the action of the cam and rocker arm is that of a governor orcontrolling element, since the only work required of theseinstrumentalities is the negligible amount necessary to keep the verysmall valve 208 (which is otherwise freely slidable) closed to therequired extent. i. e., against a correspondingly very small proportionof the small force actually-needed to i be exerted by the liquid inchamber 202.

The diaphragm |96 thus moves to the left at a rate determined by therotation and characteristics of cam 2|4, and correspondingly displacesthe frame |84, and its attendant pumping instrumentalities, tocarry outa pumping stroke of diaphragm 20 in the manner hereinabove described.

When the cam follower 220 reaches a high point of cam 2|4 and dropssuddenly to a low point, travel of the diaphragm |96 to the left isinterrupted (since the rocker arm 222 does not then Akeep the valve 208closed) and the pumping stroke is thereby terminated. 'I'he valve 208being then open, pressure is relieved in the motor or driving chamber202 (the water merely passing through the bushings 206-204, and ports2|0, to waste), and the spring |81 then carries the traveling frame |84and its attendant pumping and driving instrumentalities al1 the way tothe right, accomplishingk the return stroke and drawing a fresh slug oftreating :duid into chamber |23.

Thereafter, as soon as the rise of the cam begins to urge valve 208closed (the cam here shown being adapted to do so at once, for maximumlength of stroke), the cycle of pumping and return strokes isautomatically repeated.

In the right-hand wall of chamber 202 there is disposed a member 294mounted to slide horizontally on a pin or guide 236 and havingprojecting abutments to serve as a stop for the bushing 206 and inconsequence as a. stop to limit the travel to the right of the frame |84and its attendant instrumentalities. The position of this stop may beadjusted, to the left or right, by rotation of a hand-wheel 238 securedto a shaft 240 which is threaded into the member 234. suitable packingmias provided about the shaft 240, to prevent escape of water from thechamber 202, and the outer end of the shaft 240 is appropriately urgedtothe right (for maintaining it in place relative to the member 294 tobe displaced by rotation of the shaft) by spring 244 intermediate themember 200 and a. collar 246` which is secured to the shaft 240 andwhich may carry a pointer 248. It will now 'be understood that uponrotative adjustment of the wheel 288, the stop 234 is moved to the leftor right, thus decreasing or increasing the distance which the frame |84(carrying the stop-engaging bushing v206) may cover in its travel to theright from the leftward limit of its pumping stroke (as determined bycam 2|4), and thus shortening or lengthening the stroke of the pump;means are thus provided for adjusting the pump delivery by altering itslength of stroke within the limiting positions dictated by thecharacteristics of the rotating cam 2 |4. In the drawings, the parts areshown adjusted for maximum length of stroke; adjustment of stop 234 tothe left will shorten the stroke and delay the time at which the cambegins to effect leftward displacement of diaphragm |96 after thecompletion of a return stroke. I

A suitable dial 250 may be provided for the pointer 248, andappropriately calibrated for the variations in pump deliverycorresponding to various positions of the stop 234 as adjusted by thewheel 238.

It may here be noted that the cam 2|4, in order to exercise itsdescribed control, need exert very little pressure upon the follower220. Hence a properly flow-responsive water meter (which in the ordinarytype of construction employing rotating vanes or buckets, is a devicenot adapted to develop any substantial amount of power) may be employedto rotate the 'cam 2 I4, which directly regulates the speed andfrequency of the pumping strokes of the apparatus, as explained.

It will now be seen that in view of the control exerted by cam 2|4 asdriven by a water meter or like device which has its speed of rotationnecessarily proportional to the flow of water in the main, the deliveryof treating liquid by the pumping diaphragm 20,'over a given period oftime, will be directly proportional to the ow in the main, i. e., willvary in direct proportion to variation in that ilow. The amount oftreating liquid which is delivered at each stroke of the pump, and thusthe rate of delivery over a given period of time, is manuallycontrollable by operation or adjustment of the wheel 238, which shortensor increases the pump stroke. It will also be noted that the cam 2|4 ispreferably so cut as to have a gradual rise to each high spot and asudden drop therefrom, thus affording a long pumping or delivery strokeand permitting a correspondingly rapid return stroke, and in consequenceproviding a delivery of treating liquid which very closely approximatesa continuous fiom-except in so far as the beginning of the pumpingstroke may be delayed in time by adjustment of the wheel 238 so as toshorten the stroke more or less from the maximum limit ordinarilycorresponding to the low points of cam 2|4.

If for any reason the supply of water to chamber 202 should beinterrupted, While cam 2|4 is being rotated by the water meter, thehinged construction of the rocker arm 222 will serve to preventanydamage to the delicate parts of the water meter. The upper part 226of the rocker arm will then-merely be flipped counterclockwise relativeto the lower part 228 (against the spring 232), each time the rise ofthe cam carries the follower 220 to the left. The hinged arrangement ofthe rocker arm will also avoid damage to the cam or water meter if atany other time, whether the cam is rotating or not, such pressure isexerted on the rocker arm as might otherwise cause the follower 220 toexert excessive force on the cam. It will be understood, of course, thatthe spring 232 has enough strength to prevent mutual displacement of therocker arm parts 226, 228, during the intended normal operation of theapparatus as previously described, i. e., normally, there is relativelylittle force exerted on or by the rocker arm and it acts as a singlemember.

The apparatus shown in Fig. 3, therefore, provides a simple andconvenient hydraulically operated feeding apparatus which is adapted todeliver a flow of treating liquid that automatically varies in directproportion to variations in the ow of liquid in the main. The powerrequired of the hydraulic driving means is very small, and as in thecase of Fig. l, the diaphragm-balancing means may provide at least thegreater part of the liquid-expelling force on the diaphragm 20.

Like the apparatus of Fig. 3, the form of device shown in Fig. isprovided with a pumping chamber |23, pump diaphragm 20, inlet and outletlines for treating liquid, and diaphragm aligning means, identical withthose in Fig. 1; and it will be understood that the portion of theapparatus which would extend to the left of the broken line in Fig. 5 isthe same as in Fig. 1.

Similarly, the apparatus of Fig. 5 is provided with a balancing chamber|54, traveling frame |84, valve |88, pump-operating tube |12, spring|81, and associated parts constructed and functioning in exactly thesame manner as corresponding parts in Fig. 3. Likewise as in the case ofFig. 3, the traveling frame |84 here has a rightwardly-extending portionterminating in a head |94 bolted to the central portion of a drivingdiaphragm |96, which encloses a driving or motor chamber 302 provided bya corresponding cup-shaped recess in the housing member or frame 304.The chamber 302 has a water inlet port 306, and a water outlet port 308,it being understood that in this form of the apparatus the assemblycomprising the diaphragm |96 and its associated head |94 and securingparts is imperforate, there being no outlet for the water through thediaphragm as in the case of the apparatus in Fig. 3.

The outer end of the water outlet 308 is adapted to provide a seat for avalve disc 3|0 of resilient material carried by a lever 3 2 which ispivoted at its lower end, at 3|3, to the frame 304, and which may rockto the right, to open the valve thus provided, or to the left to closethe valve disc 3|0 against the port 308 and prevent escape of water fromthe chamber 302. Referring also to Fig. 6, the upper end of the lever3|2 is forked, and the ends of the fork are adapted to abut (on theother side of the member 3|2 from the valve disc 3|0) against an annularplate 3|4 carried by a diaphragm 3|6 which encloses a control chamber3|8 recessed in the member 320; the diaphragm 3|6 being peripherallysecured between the member 320 and a cooperating annular portion of theframe 304.

The diaphragm 3|8 is pierced by a bushing or tubular member 322, adaptedfor passage of water from the chamber 3| 8 to the other side of thediaphragm, and thence to waste through outlet 323. The outer orleft-hand end of the bushing 322 is adapted to provide a seat for aresilient valve disc 324 carried by a pin 326 which is slidably mountedand aligned in a transverse block 321 in the bushing. As shown in Fig.6, this block does not interrupt flow of water through the bushing 322when the valve (constituted by disc 324 and the end of the bushing) isopened, and the valve pin 326 is freely slidable in the block, to permitopening or closing of the valve. The outer surface of the Valve disc 324is provided with a suitable metal face and the assembly is adapted to beengaged on that side by the end of a controlling rod 328. A spring 330interposed between the annular member 3 |4 carried by the diaphragm lmember 3|2 may then rock back, with its upper forked extremity restingupon the annular member 3I'4, and thus permit the valve 3|8 to open. Thecontrol rod 328 is supported and freely horizontally slidable in abushing 332 at the end of a tube 334 which is secured to a leftwardlyextending portion or the frame 384 as shown in Fig. 5.

The outer left hand end of the rod 328 has areduced portion 338 so as toprovide a leftwardlyfacing shoulder 338 which is adapted to abut awasher 348, the latter being freely slidable upon or relative to thereduced portion of the rod. The left hand extremity or the reducedportion of the rod 338 is freely slidable in, and supportedby, a bushing342 carried by an upwardly extending support 344 which is secured to,and displaceable with, the pump-operating frame |84. The bushing 342 isseated partly into a cylindrical recess 348 formed in member 344 andsurrounding the operating rod 328-338, and within this recess there isdisposed a spring 348 which is seated against the inner face of thebushing 342 and is adapted to urge the washer 348 to the right againstthe shoulder 338 of the rod 328, or against an inwardly extendingshoulder 358 near the right hand end of the recess, depending, as willpresently be explained, upon the position of the assembly |84-344,relative to the stationary portion of the apparatus.

Inlet of water to the control chamber 3|8 Vis provided through a port352, conveniently connected to the main through a reducing valve ofsuitable known construction (not shown), so as to reduce the pressure tono ymore than that needed for proper rapid action of the control chamberas hereinafter explained, and so that waste of water is avoided, bothdirectly when valve 324 is intended to be open, and by bleeding throughthis valve at other times.

It will be understood that port |58 is connected with the water mainthrough a suitable difierential valve as previously explained inconnection with the supply of water to the balancing chamber in Figs. 1and 3. -It will also be understood that the operation of the pumping anddiaphragmbalancing instrumentalities, upon reciprocation of frame |84,is the same in the apparatus here shown as in the case of Fig. 3, at thebeginning of each pumping stroke valve |88 is closed so as to build upbalancing force in the chamber |54, and at the end of each stroke thevalve is permitted to open by preliminary movement or the frame |84 tothe right, so that as the spring |81 thereafter carries the entireassembly to the right, there is no balancing force exerted by chamber|54 and a rapid return stroke is achieved. The operation oi thehydraulic motor of this form of apparatus, whereby the frame |84 ispositively driven to the left to provide the pumping strokes, will nowbe described.

It may be assumed that the pumping apparatus has inst completed a returnstroke to the right, and the parts are consequently in the positionshown in Fig. 5, with the valve 3|8 open and no displacing force beingexerted upon diaphragm |98. At this point ot operation, the rightwardtravel of members |84 and 344 has brought the washer 348 into suchengagement with the shoulder 338 of rod 328 that the right hand end ofthe rod is pushed against the valve dise 324, closing the valve as theshoulder 358 tends to move ahead, and clear, of washer 348. 'I'hereuponthe water vwhich is flowing into the small control chamber 3|8 (andwhich has previously been escaping through bushing 322) immediatelyexerts displacing force upon the diaphragm 3|8 and moves thelatter tothe left. This movement of the diaphragm 3| 8, against spring 338,movingrod 328 to the left against spring ,348,-is preferably so rapid as to beah'nost instantaneous. The eiect of so displacing the diaphragm 3|8,and, in consequence, its ring 3|4, rocks the arm 3|2 to the left.closing valve 3|8 and keeping it closed; the rapid movement of thediaphragm thus providing a snap closing action for the valve 3|8.

With the valve 3|8 closed the water `owing into the motor chamber 382immediately backsvup and begins to displace the diaphragm |88 to theleft. 'I'he left hand end of rod 328-338, and the associated partscarried by member 344, are now in the position shown in Fig. '7, andduring the entire pumping stroke which is now proceeding, the spring3.48, acting through washer 348 upon the shoulder 338 of the rod 328,keeps the valve 324 closed, so as to maintain the diaphragm 3| 8 in itsdisplaced position, and thereby to keep the valve 3|8 closed.

The water now ilowing into chamber 382 thus continues to displace to theleft the diaphragm |88, and the attendant pumping instrumentalitiesoperated by frame |84, for the pumping stroke. At the same time, themember 344 is moving to the left relative' to the rod 328, andeventually the washer 348 (urged to the right by the spring 348,) comesinto engagement with shoulder 358. 'I'he pressure exerted upon the rod328 is thereupon immediately released, and since the closing pressure onvalve 324 is consequently and by the same token released, this valveopens itself, and the diaphragm 3|8 immediately jumps back to itsoriginal position (shown in Fig. 5), since no displacing force is nowexerted upon it. Likewise the valve 3|8 opens itself under the pressureof the water in chamber 382, since member 3|2 is now free to rock to itsoriginal right hand position shown in Fig. 5; the force on diaphragm |88is thus relieved and the water ilowing into chamber 382 passes onthrough ports.388 and 323, to waste.

The force of spring |81, compressed during the pumping stroke, nowcarries the pump-operating lnstrumentalities to the right for the returnstroke, as in the case of the apparatus shown in Fig. 3. At the sametime, the rod 328 is now free and loose, because or the space left infront of it by the return of diaphragm 3|8, and remains free and looseduring the entire return stroke. The positions or the left hand end ofthe rod and of the parts carried by member 344, just after thecommencement of the return stroke, are shown in Fig. 8.

Eventually, however, the washer 348, held by shoulder 358 during thereturn stroke, again engages the shoulder 338 of the rod 328 and pushesthe latter against the valve disc 324. This constitutes the end of thereturn stroke, since the parts now repeat the operations previouslydescribed, i. e., with valve 324'closed, diaphragm 3|6 jumps to theleft, valve 3|8 is closed, and pressure begins to build up in chamber382, commencing another pumping stroke. The cycle of pumping operationsthereupon proceeds as before.

It will be seen that the arrangement shown in Figs. 5 to B inclusiveprovides a simple and convenient hydraulically operated liquid feedingapparatus, wherein the control of water supply to the driving chamber382 is automatically positively exercised at the desired points in thetravel of frame |84, to initiate the pumping and return strokesrespectively, i. e., the control in each direction being exercised inresponse to arrival of the Cil member |84 at the position at which thediaphragm 3|6, rod 328 and associated instrumentalities are adapted toeffect such control. It will be noted, moreover, that as in the case ofFig. 3, the apparatus of Fig. 5 is efliciently adapted, because of therelatively very rapid return or suctionstroke effected by the spring|81, to approximate closely a continuous feed of treating liquid intothe main.

A particularly convenient way of controlling the delivery of the pump inthis form of the apparatus is by adjustment of the differential valvewhich may be provided in the supply line between the main and the motorchamber inlet 306. It will be understood that such valve, which isadapted to provide a substantially constant ow as in the case of Valve58 (Fig. 2), should preferably have a wide range of adjustment, so thatthe rate of ow into the motor chamber may be correspondingly adjustedover a wide range and substantial variation of pump delivery obtained asdesired. Thus upon increase or decrease of the flow into the motorchamber 302, there will be respectively a decrease or increase in theduration of the pumping stroke, to expel the same unchanged amount oftreating liquid, and in consequence, over any period of time, there willbe a corresponding increase or decrease of the actual rate of deliveryof treating liquid.

If desired, the apparatus of Fig. 5 may in many cases be made to delivertreating liquid automatically in proportion to the flow in the main, bycreating a minor ow from the latter (for example, by means of the wellknown arrangement, for setting up a proportional minor flow, whichincludes a Venturi tube in the main) and by supplying such minor flow tothe inlet port 306 of the motor chamber 302, in lieu of the manuallyadjusted supply just described. Since the pump delivery is adapted tovary automatically in proportion to variations in flow to the motorchamber `(as just explained), and the minor ow varies in proportion tovariations in the ow f the main, the feed of treating fluid, over agiven period of time, will thus automatically vary in proportion to theflow variations of the main. It will be understood that in most cases,since the pressure necessary to operate the hydraulic motor is much lessthan that to be developed by the pump (because of the balancing chamberarrangement), the pressure in the minor ow will be ample for operationof the motor.

Fig. 9 illustrates a modified controlling arrangement for thediaphragm-balancing chamber. The pumping chamber 23, diaphragm 20 andbalancing chamber 454 are in general similar to those shown in the otherfigures and are adapted to operate in the same way. The diaphragm 20 isreciprocated by a rod 500 adapted to slide horizontally through asuitably packed bushing 502, and is pivoted at its outer or right handend to an intermediate point of a lever 504. The upper end of this lever504 is pivoted to a connecting member 506, which may be driven by areciprocating element such as the rod 86 in Fig. 1 or the frame |84 inFigs. 3 and 5. The lower end of lever 504 is pivoted to a rod 508carrying a pair of valve cones 5|0, 5|2, adapted to seat incorresponding orifices, and to be alternately closed as the rod 508 isreciprocated to the left or right. The valve 5|0 is interposed in theWater input line 5|4 for the balancing chamber, and the valve 5|2 isadapted to control an output port 5|6 through which water from thebalancing chamber may flow to waste. A port or conduit 5|8 connects theinterior of the balancing chamber 454 with both of these valves 5| 0, 5|2, as shown.

Assuming that the parts are in the position shown, and that the members500-506 have just completed a return or suction stroke to the right,displacement of member 506 to the left, for the commencement of apumping stroke, will rst rock lever 504 about its central pivot. Sorocked, the lever 504 shifts the valve rod 508 to the left, closingvalve 5|2 (previously opened) and opening valve 5|0 (previously closed).Thereupon water is admitted through line 5|4, valve 5|0, and port 5|8 tothe balancing chamber 454, and lmmediately builds up balancing force onthe diaphragm 20, since the output from the chamber, i. e., throughvalve 5|2, is now closed. At the same time, since the cone of valve 5|2is now seated against the bushing 5|6, further drive of the member 506to the left can only rock lever 504 counterclockwise about its lowerpivot, thus displacing member 500 (and in consequence diaphragm 20) tothe left for a pumping stroke.

Upon the completion of the pumping stroke,

and when member 506 begins to return tothe right, the rod 508 is againreciprocated, closing valve 5|0 and opening valve 5|2, and thereafter,since the cone of valve 5I0 is seated against its cooperating bushing,further displacement of member 506 to the right serves to displacelikewise the rod 500 and the diaphragm 20. During this return stroke, aswill now be seen, no balancing force is exerted on the diaphragm bywater in the chamber 454, since the port 5|8 is connected to the outletthrough the valve 5|2 (now open). At the end of the return stroke, thecycle is repeated in the same manner.

The arrangement shown in Fig. 9 thus affords a positive and eifectivevalve control for the diaphragm-balancing chamber, and serves to cut oithe flow of water from the main during the return stroke of the pump,thus minimizing loss of water and particularly avoiding such waste ofWater as would otherwise result from a continuing flow into and throughthe balancing chamber at times when load-balancing force is notrequired.

It will now be appreciated that the present invention, as illustrated bythe various embodi ments thereof hereinabove described, well attains itsstated objects, and aords liquid feeding ap paratus which is especiallyrugged, dependable long-lived and so simple to use that unskilledpersons may readily supervise its operation and make any necessaryadjustment of its rate of delivery. The efiiciency of the apparatus ishigh throughout, and parts which have a rotating or other necessarilystiff sliding fit and upon which pumping accuracy vdepends may be, asthey are in the described embodiments, satisfactorily eliminated; forexample, all of the described control valves in the forms shown are ineffect friction-free, and are generally, and to like advantage,self-opening upon release of the associated control element in eachinstance. The arrangements are also such as to attain a high degree ofeiciency, accuracy and reliability with a diaphragm pump in which only aminimum of working parts need be exposed to the treating liquid, andwhich is in that and other respects so constructed that all elementsexposed to such liquid may, if desired, be readily and effectively madeof a material resistant to attack by the liquid.

It is to be noted that while the apparatus speciiieally illustrated'hasbeen described as employa balancing force on the dia opposite factslightly less than the latter, it is not essential that it be less; thebalancing torce may be either greater or less than that required torpumping, depending, for example, upon the spechic arrangement or theapparatus. For instance,

` chamber valve or the speed, frequency or length or pumping strokes. Oicourse it will be understood that in some cases satisfactory results mayhe had `when the balancing force is very considerably less than therequired pumping torce; and also when it is considerably greater.

in accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, l2 have hereindescribed the principle oi operation of my invention, together with theapparatus which I now consider to represent the heat embodimentsthereof, but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus disclosedis `only illustrative and that the invention can be carried out hy othermeans. Also, while it is designed to use the various features andelements in the combinations and relations described, some oi these mayhe altered and others omitted and some oi the :tentures of eachmodification may be einhodied in the others without interfering withthey l more general results outlined, and the invention Y pressure,driving means and means operated thereby and shiftably associated withsaid tubular member for displacing the same in either reetion, said lastmentioned means including a valve element shiftable therewith relativeto the tubular member for closing the latter against escape of liquidtherefrom, whereby upon operatien ci said last mentioned means todisplace the member and diaphragm in pumping direction oi the latter,balancing :force is exerted by the liquid in the balancing chamber uponthe 2. ln combination, a diaphragm pump, diaphragmueciprocating drivingmeans therefor having control means for enacting variation oi thequantity of liquid delivered by each delivery strobe oi the pump,diaphragm-balancing means iur the pump, and means controlledautomatically and independently of the delivery-varying control means ofthe driving means, for bringing the balancing means into operationthroughout each delivery stroke.

d.. lin combination, pumping chamber on one side thereof, a bala pumpdiaphragm, a.

ancing chamber on the other side thereof, a conduit member opening intothe balancing chamber and secured to the diaphragm at a movable portionof the latter for reciprocating the same, means for Supplying liquidtothe balancing chamber from a source of liquid under pressure, and aclosure member shiitable relative to the conduit and against an end ofthe latter, :for controlling passage of liquid interme diete the chamberand an external point.

d. In combination, a pump diaphragm adapted to be supported at itsperiphery, and means for reducing strain in the .plane of the diaphragmdin-ing pumping action thereof, said means inciinding a member adaptedto abut perlpherally one side of the diaphragm and to enclose abalancing chamber on said side thereof, means for admitting liquid underpressure to said chamber, and means including a self-'aligning clampingymember for exerting clamping' torce against the other side oi thediaphragm, and uniformly throughout the peripheral portion thereof, toseeure the diaphragm peripherally against the iirst Ymentioned member.

u. ln liquid yneeding apparatus, in combination. a pump diagram, meansfor controlling reciprocation of the diaphragm to eiect adjustment oiits length ci strolrc,` means for admitting liquid under pressure forhydraulically balancing the diaphragm, and means controlled.-automatically and independentlyoi said adjustment of the dretmentionedmeans for initiating operation of the balaicing means at the beginningof each pumping stro e.

u. In apparatus for feeding liquid to a body of liquid under pressure,in combination, a pump' diaphragm, means' including diaphragm-balancingand driving means adapted to receive `liquid from the body thereof underpressure, for displac ing the diaphragm in pumping direction, and aspring disposed to be compressed by operation of said driving means, fordisplacing the diaphragm in return direction.

rl. ln apparatus for feeding liquicl'to a body of liquid under pressure,in combination, a pump diaphragm, a hydraulic driving diaphragm adaptedto eiifect reciprocation of the pump diaphragm,- means including acontrol diaphragm for positively intermittently controlling thedisplacement oi the vdriving diaphragm, to cause the latter tointermittently displace the pump diaphragm, and means whereby feed ofliquid by the pump diaphragm is eilected by the liquid under pressure,said last-mentioned means including a balancing chamber for the pumpdiaphragm and operating chambers for the driving and control diaphragme,each of said chambers being adapted to be supplied with liquid from saidbody thereof under pressure, for exerting displacingforce on thecorresponding diaphragm.

d. In combination, a diaphragm pump having a diaphragm and a memberassociated therewith tor operating the diaphragm, said pump including`liquid pumping and hydraulic balancing chambers for the diaphragm,driving means for said member settable for selectively adjusting the`,length ci stroke of the member, valve means for "eiecting supply orbalancing liquid to said baldiaphragm and hydraulically operated meansadapted to be supplied from said body of liquid under pressure, forexerting force on the diaphragm substantially throughout one surfacethereof, said hydraulically operated means including hydraulic drivingmeans for causing the diaphragm to pump and means for hydraulicallyexerting balancing force on the diaphragm to reduce the pumping load.

10. In apparatus for feeding liquid to a body of liquid under pressure,in combination, a diaphragm having a pumping surface and adapted to pumpliquid from an external supply to said body of liquid, and means forreciprocating the diaphragm, including driving means for exerting forceon the diaphragm during pumping strokes, and means admitting liquidunder pressure from said body thereof to the opposite diaphragm surfacethroughout each pumping stroke, for reducing the pumping load on thedriving means.

11. Apparatus for feeding liquid to a body of liquid under pressure,comprising a pump diaphragm having an associated pumping chamber forhandling the liquid 'to be fed, and means for reciprocating thediaphragm, including driving means mechanically engaging the diaphragmfor exerting force thereon in pumping direction, a balancingchamber'opening on the diaphragm, and means for supplying liquid underpressure from said body of same to said balancing chamber, to supplementthe pumping force of said driving means during pumping strokes of thediaphragm, and for relieving said chamber of the pressure of said liquidduring return strokes of the diaphragm.

12. In apparatus for feeding liquid to a body of liquid under pressure,in combination, a diaphragm, a pumping chamber on one side of thediaphragm, a balancing chamber on the other side of the diaphragm, meansfor reciprocating the diaphragm for pumping action thereof; saidbalancing chamber being adapted to receive liquid from the body of sameunder pressure, and means including a valve controlled in accordancewith the operation of said last-mentioned means, for rendering thelast-mentioned liquid effective to exert pressure in to the balancingchamber during the pumping stroke of the diaphragm and 'for relievingsaid balancing chamber from the pressure of said liquid during thereturn stroke of the diaphragm.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, which includes means associated with thereciprocating means for preventing displacement of the valve while saidreciprocating means is acting to displace the diaphragm in eitherdirection.

14. In combination, a pump diaphragm having a pumping chamber, and meansfor reciprocating the diaphragm, comprising driving means, hydraulicbalancing means for the diaphragm, adapted to be supplied with liquidunder pressure, and control means including a liquid-controlling deviceadapted to render the supplied liquid operatively effective in thehydraulic balancing means, said driving means including means broughtinto play only upon operation of said control means, for exerting forceon the diaphragm in pumping direction.

15. In combination, a diaphragm having a pumping chamber on one side anda. balancing chamber on the other side, driving means for reciprocatingthe diaphragm, valve means shiftable to render a supply ofdiaphragm-displacing liquid effective to exert pressure in the balancingchamber, and to relieve said balancing chamber from the pressure of saidliquid and associated valve-shifting control means preventing thedriving means from changing the direction of diaphragm displacementuntil the valve means has been shifted from one position to another.

16. In combination, a diaphragm pump, hydraulic means includingdiaphragm-balancing means and driving means both having connections forreceiving liquid under pressure from a common source thereof, fordisplacing the diaphragm in pumping direction, and pumping strokecontrol means including valve means for rendering the liquid effectiveto exert pressure in the diaphragmbalancing means, for initiatingdiaphragm displacement in pumping direction only upon operation of saidvalve means.

17. In apparatus for feeding liquid to a body of liquid under pressure,in combination, a pump diaphragm, and means for reciprocating the same,comprising diaphragm-balancing and driving means adapted to receiveliquid from the body thereof under pressure, for displacing thediaphragm in pumping direction, and control means including meanscontrolling the operating effectiveness of a supply of liquid to thediaphragmbalancing means, for causing the reciprocating means toinitiate pumping and return strokes of the diaphragm at successive timesand only upon initiation and interruption, respectively, of operatingeffectiveness of the supply of liquid to the diaphragm-balancing meansat each time.

18. In liquid feeding apparatus, in combination, a diaphragm havingpumping and balancing chambers on opposite sides thereof, said balancingchamber having an outlet, means for supplying liquid under pressure tothe balancing chamber, including a lifting valve adapted to be closedagainst the outlet to cause the liquid to build up pressure in thebalancing chamber, and driving means for the diaphragm having associatedmeans for operating the valve to close and open the same in accordancewith the position of the diaphragm, whereby the liquid supplied to thebalancing chamber reduces strains in the diaphragm during pumpingstrokes of the latter.

19. In liquid feeding apparatus, in combination, a pump diaphragm,hydraulic balancing means therefor adapted to be supplied with liquidand having an outlet, means for reciprocating the diaphragm, and meanscontrolled in accordance with operation of said reciprocating means forcontrolling operation of the hydraulic balancing means, saidlast-mentioned means comprisingl a lifting valve adapted to be closedagainst the aforesaid outlet to renden the supplied liquid effective inthe balancing means, and means for alternately closing and opening saidvalve intermediate successive displacements of the diaphragm insuccessively opposite directions by the reciprocating means.

20. In apparatus for feeding liquid to a body of liquid under pressure,in combination, means including a pump diaphragm and an associated pumpchamber, for delivering liquid to the body of liquid under pressure uponreciprocation of the diaphragm, diaphragm driving means mechanicallyengaging the diaphragm and adapted to be hydraulically actuated byliquid from the body thereof under pressure, and hydraulic balancingmeans for causing liquid from said body thereof under pressure, to exertbalancing force on the diaphragm to reduce the pumping load on thedriving means.

GEORGE MARTIN BOOTH.

CERTIFICATE 0F coRRECTIoNt Taten-T No. 2,229,053. January 21, 19in.

GEORGE MARTIN BOOTH.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specificationof the above numbere patent requiring correction as follows: Page 5,second column, line mi, for resutling read --resulting page 9, secondcolumn, line 1LT-l5, claim lg., for "inclinding" read including-g line26, claim 5, for "diagram" read --diaphragm-; page-,10, first column,Iline 1LT,

claim l2, for in to the" read --in the--; and that the said LettersPatent should be read with this correction therein that the same mayconform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

signed and sealed this 18th day of march, A.. I 19ML Henry Van Arsdale(Seal) Acting Commissioner oi' Patents.,

